New Jersey State Board Esthetics Practice Exam

Which layer is known as the outermost layer of skin?

1. Dermis

2. Epidermis

3. Subcutaneous layer

4. Hypodermis

The correct answer is: Epidermis

The epidermis is indeed recognized as the outermost layer of the skin. This layer serves as a protective barrier between the body and the external environment, playing a crucial role in safeguarding against pathogens, chemicals, and physical damage. It is composed primarily of keratinocytes, which produce keratin, a protein that helps to waterproof and strengthen the skin. The epidermis itself has several sub-layers, including the stratum corneum (the outermost sub-layer made of dead keratinized cells), which forms a crucial first line of defense. Additionally, the epidermis contains melanin-producing cells called melanocytes, which contribute to skin color and help protect against UV radiation. The other layers mentioned—dermis, subcutaneous layer, and hypodermis—serve different functions. The dermis lies beneath the epidermis and contains connective tissue, hair follicles, sweat glands, and blood vessels, providing structural support and nourishment to the epidermis. The subcutaneous layer, also known as the hypodermis, consists of fat and connective tissue that helps insulate the body and absorbs shock but is not involved in the direct protection of the skin's surface. Understanding the distinct roles of these layers helps illustrate the importance of the epidermis in